I have long been interested in how literature shapes individual readers, as well as broader social and culture practices and beliefs. Engaging with literary works can offer readers (at least) two important opportunities: the possibility to cultivate and practice empathy, and a window into the contested and dynamic nature of collective identity formation. Many students (indeed, many non-medievalists) find the Middle Ages very alien. In my work I seek to reveal the complexity and richness of works from a period that is often mischaracterized as violent or backward, or in which the sharp edges of ideological conflict have been effaced by time, leaving an impression of homogeneity of belief.
In my work as a teacher-scholar I seek to reveal the complexity of thought and the sophistication of literary practice visible in the medieval texts that I study. I seek, moreover, to recover the processes through which writers and readers alike constitute their sense of themselves as individual and as social and political subjects. Texts shape the conditions of possibility for those living at a given time and place, while simultaneously serving as sites of struggle and conflict over the construction of identities, individual or collective, and social relationships. In the Middle Ages, as today, events do not have foregone conclusions. The actions of people, including the texts of all kinds that they produce, play a part in social, cultural, and political struggle by delimiting social bodies, defining “the good”, and laying out the parameters for the performance of one’s identity.
My monograph in progress, The Political Pastoral: Shepherds, Sheep, and Wolves between Late Medieval France and Burgundy (1364-1461), which I am currently writing with the support of an ACLS fellowship, explores questions related to political organization and the exercise of power. The trials faced by Charles V, Charles VI, and Charles VII of France – including foreign invasion, mental illness, and civil war – and the broader concerns to which they gave rise, were often negotiated figuratively, via a staging of shepherd, sheep, and wolf. The complex cultural imaginary surrounding these figures – developed in Biblical sources, classical and medieval eclogues, fables and beast epics, encyclopedic works, pastourelles, visual and material culture – produces a robust range of potential meanings which writers freely deployed and recombined. Unconstrained by generic norms, late medieval French and Burgundian authors used the pastoral mode to delineate theoretical premises of political philosophy and to respond to urgent challenges. The questions I explore continue to resonate in our current moment: what are the obligations of the ruler to the ruled? what separates a ruler from a tyrant, and who has the right to name tyrants as such? what can be done when the head of a body politic is not able to function?
I’m also in the process of co-editing (with Anne-Hélène Miller) a volume of essays on the Roman de la Rose which is forthcoming in the MLA series, Approaches to Teaching. I never get tired of teaching the Rose, and am excited to help make this medieval bestseller more accessible to instructors and students.
I have taught more than two dozen different courses since my arrival at the University of Chicago. Some of my favorites include the advanced seminars Débats et querelles littéraires au Moyen Âge, Medieval Beasts, and Love’s Books, Love’s Looks: Textual and Visual Perspectives on the Roman de la rose, and the introductory literature courses Jeanne d’Arc: histoire et légende and Voix féminines dans la littérature française. I also enjoy teaching in the core, especially the Civilization sequence taught in Paris, and the civilization sequence on Gender and Sexuality.
I also teach regularly in the Collegiate Scholars Program, which I find both fun and rewarding, especially when my Scholars later matriculate to the U of C!